Companion planting is an organic method of disease and pest control accomplished by planting two or more types of plants, which have advantageous symbiotic relationships, near each other within a designated or confined garden space to the benefit of one or more of the neighboring plants.
为秋葵选择合适的“好邻居”可以减少不必要的昆虫捕食者,吸引有益的昆虫,促进授粉,肥沃土壤,并为花园增加多样性和视觉趣味。
Best Companion Plants For Okra
Plant a wide variety of both sweet and hot peppers between okra plants. Strong and sturdy, okra plants act as a “windbreak” for the more fragile pepper plants. In turn, pepper plants repel cabbage worms, which like to munch on okra.
Plant sunflowers around the perimeter of your garden to add a splash of color and as a method of organic insect control. Sunflowers act as a powerful trap for aphids. Intensely attracted to the sunflowers, they leave your okra, tomatoes, and pepper plants alone.
Plant basil around the base of your okra plants. Plant at least six inches apart so the basil can spread out. Basil repels whiteflies, aphids, and spider mites.
When lettuce and okra are planted together, the okra provides shade for the lettuce while the lettuce acts as an attractive, edible groundcover that chocks out weeds around the base of the okra plant. Because lettuce has a very shallow root system, it does not compete with okra, peppers or tomatoes for nutrients.
Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) is a tall-growing annual vegetable that flourishes in warm climates, during the hottest days of summer.
虽然秋葵可以在大多数美国植物耐寒地带生长,但它是传统的南方植物,最适合温暖湿润的土壤。这种受欢迎的蔬菜可以在城市和农村的宅基地花园中找到,因为它很容易生长,由于它茂密的绿色叶子和美丽的花朵,在整个生长季节都很有吸引力。
对于在当地农贸市场出售剩余作物的自耕农来说,秋葵可以在8至10周的延长收获期后获得收入。
Best Okra Varieties
秋葵属于锦葵科植物,包括沙伦玫瑰、蜀葵、棉花和芙蓉。秋葵原产于尼罗河谷,埃及人种植秋葵的历史可以追溯到公元前12世纪。从那时起,这种受欢迎的植物传遍了地中海、印度和非洲。
对于宅地花园栽培,已证明生产品种包括Labadi, Lady Finger, Bombo, Quim,船尾,和克莱姆森脊柱。
为了便于采摘,矮品种是受欢迎的选择。帕克的枝形烛台分支、安妮·奥克利和路易斯安那州的绿丝绒是低生长的品种,产量高,可靠:可在50到52天内采摘。
Planting Tips For Okra
Okra grows best in a full-sun location in nutrient-rich loamy soil with a pH of 6.0 or higher. Take a soil sample to your local county extension service to test pH and fertility levels. Amend as recommended. Choose an area in the garden with good moisture retention. Okra will grow quite well in heavier soils but cannot tolerate compacted hardpan, poorly aerated, or soggy soil.
为了让花园为种植秋葵做好准备,要把土壤耕作到10英寸深,把土块弄碎,除掉根部、岩石和杂草。通过加入大量的有机花园堆肥,成熟的草食动物粪便(奶牛,绵羊,山羊,马,美洲驼)或平衡的10-20-10肥料来改善土壤。
在霜冻的危险过去后,在春天种植秋葵。这种植物在温暖的土壤中生长繁茂。为了获得最佳效果,在土壤温度上升到50华氏度时再种植。要想收获丰硕的秋收,应该在第一次霜冻前三个月种植秋葵。
While you can start okra by sowing seed directly in the soil, gardeners located in climates with cool, damp springs, get a jump on the growing season by starting indoors four to six weeks before spring planting time.
Related Post:How To Grow, Maintain, And Harvest The Okra Plant
Plant okra seeds one-inch deep. If sowing directly in soil, plant seeds two-to-three inches apart, thinning to one foot apart as the seeds develop. Transplant when seedling are three-to-four inches tall.
Okra is a tall plant with some varieties exceeding six feet tall at maturity. To avoid shading out other crops, plant okra at the north end of the garden, near other tall plants such as corn. Plant seedlings approximately one foot apart in rows spaced two to three feet apart.
秋葵在最热的夏天生长旺盛。虽然秋葵能够耐受干旱,但这种顽强的植物在每周至少提供一英寸的水的情况下产量最高。
Pest Problems
Okra pest problems include cabbage loppers, aphids, stink bugs, and nematodes. Washing the plant in soapy water and rinsing with a steady stream of water can remove aphids. The majority of pests can be controlled by organic gardening methods.
The best method of organically controlling nematodes is to implement a practice of crop rotation, planting the soil where you have grown plants that attract nematodes with small grains, grasses, chives, onion and garlic that prevent a build-up of nematodes.
Companion plants help repel unwanted crop predators in the homestead garden.
Crop Rotation
Because okra is quite susceptible to damage by nematodes, employ a program of crop rotation. Okra should not be planted in soil previously utilized to grow vine crops such as sweet potatoes and squash as these crops tend to increase nematode population in soil.
线虫寄生在秋葵的幼根上,导致根萎和虫瘿,从而降低果实产量。使用EPA批准的杀线虫剂控制线虫。
Moisture Requirements
Keep the soil surrounding okra plants weed free and apply additional organic compost after the first harvest. When weeding by handpicking or hoeing, be careful not to damage plant roots.
Harvesting And Eating Okra
As the plant matures, harvest young pods when they are two to three inches long. Pods are usually ready for harvesting within ten days of flowering. Use garden scissors to clip immature pods every other day to encourage crop production.
Do not leave old pods on okra plants as this will sap energy from the plant and reduce crop yield.
Fresh okra can be stored in the refrigerator crisper for up to four days. Discard any pods that become bruised or discolored. To freeze okra, blanch before freezing to preserve freshness and flavor.
这种植物含有一种粘稠的汁液,因其增稠效果而备受赞誉,因用于路易斯安那州克里奥尔秋葵菜肴而闻名。秋葵口味温和,有点清淡,味道和茄子相似。
The tender, young seedpods are the edible part of the okra plant. Immature pods are served as a boiled, fried, or pickled vegetable; adding flavor to salads, soups, sauces, and stews. Okra is low in calories, high in fiber, and a good source of Vitamin A.
Best Ever Seafood Gumbo
我的姐姐邦妮是一位美食厨师,长期居住在新奥尔良,她和我分享了她最喜欢的辛辣秋葵汤配方。
Ingredients
- One cup of white flour
- One cup of browned bacon bits and drippings
- One cup of chopped red sweet pepper
- One cup of chopped green sweet pepper
- One cup of finely chopped celery
- One cup of chopped white onion
- Two tablespoons of freshly minced garlic
- Two tablespoons of minced fresh cilantro
- One pound of ground Italian sausage
- Three cups fresh sliced okra (Canned or frozen okra may be substituted.)
- Four quarts of water
- Eight beef bullion cubes
- Three tablespoons Worcestershire sauce
- Two tablespoons soy sauce
- One pound lump crabmeat
- 4 pounds uncooked shrimp – deveined and peeled
- One tablespoon of freshly minced thyme leaves or half teaspoon dried thyme
- One quart of canned stewed tomatoes
- One six-ounce can of tomato paste
- Sea salt to taste
- Three tablespoons bacon drippings
- Two tablespoons gumbo file
- Three teaspoons of hot pepper sauce
- One teaspoon Cajun dried seasoning powder
- Three bay leaves
- One-half teaspoon of fresh ground cardamom
- Three tablespoons white rice wine vinegar
- Two tablespoons brown sugar
Directions
- Brown crumbled Italian sausage in a skillet. Remove from heat and set aside.
- Prepare a roux by cooking the flour, bacon bits, and bacon drippings over medium heat in a heavy saucepan until the roux is smooth and a rich dark brown. Stir constantly to prevent burning and to obtain a smooth consistency.
- Add chopped sweet peppers, celery, onion and crumbled Italian sausage to the roux and cook on low heat approximately 10-minutes until the vegetables are tender. Remove from heat and set aside.
- In the meanwhile, as the roux is simmering, in a large stock or pasta pot bring water to a boil. Add bullion cubes, stirring until boullion is completely dissolved. Reduce heat to simmer. Add remaining spices, herbs, stewed tomatoes, tomato paste, brown sugar, and seasonings.
- To this mixture, add roux with sausage and vegetables. Simmer mixture over low heat for one hour, stirring frequently.
- Melt three tablespoons of bacon drippings in a skillet over medium heat, Add okra, shrimp, crabmeat, and rice wine vinegar. Cook mixture for ten minutes or until okra, shrimp, and crabmeat are tender.
- 在秋葵锅中加入秋葵和海鲜混合物,继续小火炖两个小时,让味道融合在一起。
- Serve with a tossed green salad, crusty French rolls, and enjoy.
References:
- Okra(University of Illinois Extension)
- How To Grow Okra(Texas A & M Extension Services)
Linda Bradshawsays
About to plant okra this week. Thanks for sharing.
SAMPSON RTK HATSUsays
我能把玉米和秋葵插在一起吗?
Cathy Carter-Hughessays
在你的文章中,你是把长得比较长的秋葵称为“不成熟的”秋葵吗?
Doris E Schichtlesays
The immature pods would be the young tender pods you cut and eat. The over mature pods are the ones that get past you and can become woody
joyce coleysays
炸秋葵是南方最受欢迎的蔬菜。这是菜园里的必备菜。
Autumn Bicesays
Thank you for the info on growing okra but I do have a question for you. Your sister is not a NOLA or Louisiana native is she?
posays
Clearly not, though the roux looks interesting. Cooking shrimp or crab meat for two hours is a sin, isn’t it?
Rosemary Hsays
Has anyone tried growing pumpkins interplanted with okra? I have a limited space in a community garden.
Pegsays
Yes, you can plant pumpkins with okra. Pumpkins are squash and squash, beans, peas are good companion plants for okra as well as corn. Hot and sweet peppers also.